PENMANSHIP STUTTERING

Stuttering Equivalence and Stuttering Invariance

are not. Stuttering equivalence is a fundamental concept in the theory of concurrent and distributed systems. Notably, Lamport [1] argues that refinement notions for such systems should be insensitive to finite stuttering. Peled and Wilke [2] showed that all PLTL (propositional linear-time temporal logic) properties that are insensitive to stuttering equivalence can be expressed without the nex...

Simulated stuttering in non-stuttering healthy subjects: differentiating cause from consequence in developmental stuttering

Introduction Over the past decade several functional neuroimaging studies in developmental stuttering have been published. In comparison to non-stuttering volunteers, these studies revealed that adults who stutter show overactivation in areas such as the cerebellum, supplementary motor area (SMA), right frontal operculum (RFO), and the right insula. This overactivation mostly occurs bilaterally...

Modeling stuttering

Penmanship Learning Support System: Feature Extraction for Online Handwritten Characters

This paper proposes a feature extraction method for online handwritten characters for a penmanship learning support system. This system has a database of model characters. It evaluates the characters a learner writes by comparing them with the model characters. However, if we prepare feature information for every character, information must be input every time a model character is added. Theref...

Understanding Stuttering